Explain what a survey sample can and cannot show
Eine Befragung mit ihrer Bezugsgruppe erklären
Distinguish response rate from an answer share and report a voluntary sample without treating it as the entire population.
A survey can have more than one denominator. A fictional club invites 600 members to an online survey; 120 respond, and 78 of those choose evening activities. The response rate is 120 / 600 = 20 percent. The evening preference among respondents is 78 / 120 = 65 percent. We know that 78 members, or 13 percent of all invited members, gave that answer; we do not know the preferences of the 480 nonrespondents. The result cannot simply be relabelled 65 percent of all members. A voluntary online response can exclude or underrepresent people who do not use the channel or decide not to reply. State the method and use unter den Antwortenden. A larger sample can still have selection problems; size alone does not establish representativeness.
Von sechshundert eingeladenen Mitgliedern antworteten hundertzwanzig.
Of six hundred invited members, one hundred and twenty responded.
Der Rücklauf beträgt damit zwanzig Prozent.
The response rate is therefore twenty percent.
Unter den Antwortenden bevorzugen fünfundsechzig Prozent Abendangebote.
Among respondents, sixty-five percent prefer evening activities.
Die übrigen vierhundertachtzig Personen haben keine Antwort abgegeben.
The remaining four hundred and eighty people submitted no answer.
Ihre Präferenzen bleiben deshalb unbekannt.
Their preferences therefore remain unknown.
Eine zusätzliche Befragungsmöglichkeit könnte bisher nicht erreichte Stimmen einbeziehen.
An additional way of responding could include voices not reached so far.
A survey can have more than one denominator. A fictional club invites 600 members to an online survey; 120 respond, and 78 of those choose evening activities. The response rate is 120 / 600 = 20 percent. The evening preference among respondents is 78 / 120 = 65 percent. We know that 78 members, or 13 percent of all invited members, gave that answer; we do not know the preferences of the 480 nonrespondents. The result cannot simply be relabelled 65 percent of all members. A voluntary online response can exclude or underrepresent people who do not use the channel or decide not to reply. State the method and use unter den Antwortenden. A larger sample can still have selection problems; size alone does not establish representativeness.
Distinguish response rate from an answer share and report a voluntary sample without treating it as the entire population.
Do not treat missing answers as opposition or apply the respondents’ percentage to all members without justification.
Keep invited members, respondents and a selected answer separate. Name the denominator for every percentage and leave nonresponse genuinely unknown.
Write a 180–220-word German summary: 600 club members invited online, 120 voluntary responses, 78 prefer evening activities, 42 choose other times. Calculate response rate and the evening share among respondents. Explain what is known about all invited members and propose one way to reach missing voices without inventing their preferences.