German noun plurals

German does not have one plural ending for every noun. Learn each noun together with its plural form.

Common patterns include -(e)n, -e, -er, -s and no added ending. Some plurals also add an umlaut: Stuhl → Stühle and Buch → Bücher.

A noun’s gender does not reliably tell you its plural. Learn fixed pairs such as die Frau–die Frauen, das Kind–die Kinder and das Auto–die Autos.

These examples use the nominative (Nominativ): we name the person or thing the sentence says something about. Here the plural article is die for all genders. In other cases the article can change.

MusterSingularPlural
-(e)ndie Fraudie Frauen
-eder Tischdie Tische
-erdas Kinddie Kinder
Umlaut + -eder Stuhldie Stühle
-sdas Autodie Autos
keine Endungder Lehrerdie Lehrer

Die Frauen lernen Deutsch.

Die Tische sind frei.

Die Bücher sind neu.

Die Autos stehen draußen.

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